CocaCola
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« Reply #1 on: October 04, 2016, 05:12:03 05:12 » |
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Here is a Google translate, sloppy but mostly readable... ©
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Universal charger microcontroller
V. Nefedov, Bryansk
The author set out to create a simple universal charger for all small batteries and batteries of different types, capacity and nominal voltage.
kkumulyatory today very common, but the chargers for them, commercially available, as a rule, are not universal and are too expensive. The device is designed for charging the batteries and separate battery (the term "battery" is used in the future) with a nominal voltage of 1.2. ., 12.6 V and a current of 50 to 950 mA. Input voltage devices - 7 ... 15 V Current consumption without load - 20 mA. Accuracy of charging current - ± 10 mA. The device has a LCD and user-friendly interface to set the charging and monitoring of its progress.
It implemented a combined charging method, which consists of two stages. In the first stage battery charge constant current, as the charging voltage on it is growing. Once it reaches a predetermined value, comes the second stage - constant voltage charging. At this stage, the charging current is gradually reduced and maintained at a predetermined battery voltage. If the voltage on any reason falls below the set will automatically start charging again the same current.
Scheme charger shown in Fig. 1.
His foundation - the microcontroller 001. He clocked from the internal oscillator PS-8 MHz. Use two channel ADC microcontroller GCSEs channel measures the output voltage of the charger, and the channel ARS1 - charging current,
Both channels operate in eight-digit mode, the accuracy of which is described for the device enough. Maximum measuring voltage -
19.9 V, a maximum current -
995 mA. If you exceed these values on the LCD screen H (31 will show "NG.
ADC operates with exemplary voltage of 2.56 V from the internal source microcontroller. To be able to measure higher voltage, the resistive voltage divider 10 PED reduces it to feed input APCO microcontroller.
Sensor B11 charging current is resistor. Falling on it during the flow of the voltage supplied to the op-amp input RA2.1, which amplifies it about 30 times. The gain depends on the ratio of resistors and H8 YA6. The output of op-amp voltage proportional to the charging current via a repeater at the Shelter 0A2.2 AyS1 to the input of the microcontroller.
At transistors UT1-UT4 assembled electronic switch, running the microcontroller forming the OC2 output pulses, the following 32 kHz. The duty cycle of the pulse depends on the desired output voltage and charging current, diode LV1, chokes and capacitors C7, C8 converts the pulse voltage constant, it is proportional to the duty cycle.
LEDs and N1_2 NO - status indicators charger included LED may mean that now is the output voltage limitation. LED N1_2 enabled, when there is a build-up of charging current, and is turned off when the current does not change or decreases. During charging intact discharged battery will first be enabled LED Nb2. Then the LEDs will alternately blink On completion of charging can only be judged by the LEDs glow either.
Selection resistor P7 sets the optimal image contrast on the LCD display.
YA11 current sensor can be made from a length of a high-resistance wire from the spiral heater or a powerful wire resistor. The author used a length of wire diameter 0.5 mm about 20 mm in length by a rheostat.
ATteda88R11 microcontroller can be replaced by any of ATtedav series with a clock frequency of 8 MHz or higher. FET 1) 2172 must be installed on the heat sink with a cooling surface area of not less than 4 cm2. This transistor can be replaced by another p-channel with an allowable drain current more than 1 A and the low-resistance.
Instead transistors KT3102B KT3107D and other suitable complementary pair of transistors with a current transfer ratio of not less than 200. When the correct operation of transistors
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moat UT1- \ DGR signal to the gate of the transistor should be similar to that shown in Fig. 2.
1.1 throttle is taken from the power supply of the computer (it is wound 0.6 mm diameter wire).
The configuration of the microcontroller to be programmed in accordance with Fig. 3. The codes from the file \ U_A_256_16.beh should be recorded in the memory of the microcontroller software. The microcontroller EERVOM following codes must be recorded: UN address - 2CH, at 01H - OZN, at 02H - OWEN, at 03H-64n.
Fig. 3
Establishment of the charger can be started without the LCD and microcontroller. Turn off the transistor \ H4, and the connection point of its drain and source, connect the jumper. Apply to the device supply voltage of 16 V. Pick Nude resistor so that the voltage on it is in the range 1.9 ... 2 V. You can make this a two resistor connected in series. If not found in the voltage source 16, post 12 or 8 V. In these cases, the voltage across the resistor must be appropriately NUDE about 1.5 V or 1 V
Instead, connect the battery to the device, and an ammeter in series power resistor or car lamp. By varying the supply voltage (but not below 7) or picking up a load, set the current through it to 1 A. Pick nb resistor so that the output voltage of op-amp 0A2.2 was 1.9 ... 2 V. As resistor Nude, H6 resistor is convenient to make two.
Turn off the power, connect the LCD and set the microcontroller. To the output of the device, connect a resistor or incandescent lamp 12 at a current of about 0.5 A. When you turn on the LCD device will be displayed at the output voltage II and the charging current I, and voltage limits 11 and 12. The maximum charging current can compare current values and the LCD voltage readings model ammeter and voltmeter. Probably, they are different.
Turn off the power, set the jumper 81 and turn on the power again. To calibrate the ammeter Press and hold the button ZV4 and buttons 5in1 ZV2 and set the LCD value closest to show exemplary ammeter. For the calibration of the voltmeter, press and hold 5VZ and buttons 5in1 ZV2 and set the LCD value of the voltmeter shows exemplary. Without turning off the power, remove the jumper 51. Calibration coefficients are stored in the microcontroller EERVOM voltage at 02H, and for the current - at OZN.
Turn off the power charger, replace the transistor \ A "4 and to the output device, connect the automotive lamp 12 W. Turn on the device and install 11g = 12 V. When you change the I * should gradually change the brightness of the glow lamps. The device is ready for use.
The required charging current and the maximum voltage of the battery mounted buttons ZV1 "and" ZV2 5VZ "I" 5V4 "I" change interval charging current -. 50 ... 950 mA to 50 mA step interval voltage variation -. 0.1. ..16 In step with 0.1 V.
press and hold the button or RFI respectively 5V4 To change C> or 12, but with the help of buttons and 5in1 $ B2 set the desired value. After 5 seconds after letting go of all the buttons the set value will be recorded in EERVOM microcontroller (C - at the UN, I of - at the address 01H). It will be appreciated that the retention or 5B2 8V1 pressed more buttons 4, increases the rate of change of the parameter is about ten times,
Editorial microcontroller program is available at HP: // Hp. Garg. gi / ri / 2016/09 / V- and-256_ 16. HLB on
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EXPERIENCE EXCHANGE
Refinement lamp HC-528 NIIASE
P. Yudin, Ufa
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battery from the cell phone, for example Moyugo1a C-300. In this case, first removed from the flashlight charger all elements (C 1, B 1,
As practice shows, the problem is quite common rechargeable LED lights HC-528 SPLA and similar scheme (Figure 1 .a.) - Failure of the LEDs E11- E1_5. As can be seen, the CB1 battery bonding conductor to the charging
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Fig. 1 nym device connected to it switch ZA1, which involved just make contact. LEDs fail due to the fact that the owners forget to turn them off when the lamp is connected to the network for charging. To avoid this, I propose to change the switching circuit as shown in Fig. 1, and thickened by the dashed line, ie. E. To use NC contact switch for connecting the battery to the charger. Connect the LEDs to the battery during charging CB1 will now be impossible, as to enable it to charge ZA1 need to set the switch to the position shown in the diagram.
As used in these batteries are no different lamps long life and pretty soon lose their capacity. Having lost the capacity or the failed lamp can be replaced by a suitable battery size lithium-ion
A2, B / P1 -U04 NOR) and pins XP1 plug. On the vacated seat, a little sawed, if necessary, plastic parts lamp housing, install the battery from the phone (Fig. 2), and in one of the liberated from the pin holes glued the plug connector for the charger from the same mobile phone. It remains in the scheme in Fig. 1.6 solder to the battery 01 wires connecting it to the X51 connector, switch and current-limiting resistors 5A1-YA7 OT, and the lamp is ready for further use.
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Editorial When finalizing the lamp in accordance with the scheme of Fig. Ha is recommended to break one of the network wiring to install a 100 ohm resistor power dissipation of 0.5 W |
